What is a 'compound fracture' in orthopedic surgery?

A compound fracture, also known as an open fracture, is defined as a type of bone fracture where the broken bone penetrates through the skin. This condition not only exposes the fracture site to the external environment but also poses a significant risk of infection, as bacteria can enter the body through the open wound. The treatment for a compound fracture typically involves surgical intervention to clean the wound, stabilize the bone, and ensure proper healing, often requiring the use of plates, screws, or other fixation devices.

The distinction between compound and other types of fractures, such as those that do not involve skin penetration, is crucial in orthopedic surgery because it impacts the management and treatment approach for the patient. Understanding the implications of a compound fracture helps practitioners assess the severity of the injury and the urgency of the required surgical intervention.