American Board of Surgical Assistants (ABSA) Orthopedic Practice Test

Volkmann's contracture is a condition characterized by the permanent shortening of muscles in the forearm, resulting from ischemia, or restricted blood flow, typically following a fracture in the elbow region. The artery most commonly involved in this scenario is the brachial artery. When there is a fracture or other injuries that lead to compartment syndrome, the brachial artery can be compressed or injured, leading to a decrease in blood flow to the forearm muscles. This condition can result in necrosis of muscle tissue, leading to the characteristic contraction and deformity seen in Volkmann's contracture. It’s crucial to recognize that prompt diagnosis and management of any forearm injury are essential to preserving muscle function and preventing this serious complication. The other arteries mentioned do not have the same direct involvement in the pathophysiology of Volkmann's contracture.